Yes, silly me, I should have actually looked at the boards again before posting. I kept scouring the manual and schematics for those numbers when in fact like you said they were printed on stickers right on the eproms.
So the plot thickens a little - the two eproms that came up as bad on the self test are the only two eproms on any of the boards that aren't original. They are a different chip manufacturer and were obviously put on later on. They are also labeled "Fire" and "Fuel" and are on the eprom board. As far as I know, my fire and fuel work fine, so I'm not sure if they actually aren't working, or if the self test is calling them bad because they are different, or what.
In other news, I actually fixed the sound problem (for the most part). I really should have checked the speaker wires first before trying to mess with the boards (now I know). One of the wires had come off, and when I connected it back "FIGHTER PILOTS NEEDED IN SECTOR WARS" came blaring out. Now the only issue is that something might be wrong with the pot - when it's turned all the way down the sound is at a normal level, and turning it up at all makes it blast out like it's going to blow the speakers. Also when it's all the way down the speech seems like it's at a normal volume but all of the bass-heavy sound effects are noticeably louder, really rattling the speakers (again this is with the pot turned all the way down).